{"id":1052,"date":"2022-04-14T12:48:34","date_gmt":"2022-04-14T10:48:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.skamex.com.pl\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego"},"modified":"2025-05-12T12:48:50","modified_gmt":"2025-05-12T10:48:50","slug":"zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego","title":{"rendered":"Zaka\u017cenia miejsca operowanego"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\"><strong>Zacznijmy od&nbsp;prostego pytania: jak powszechne s\u0105&nbsp;infekcje chirurgiczne?<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">Obec\u00adnie zaka\u017ce\u00adnia miejs\u00adca oper\u00adowanego (ZMO) to&nbsp;jedne z&nbsp;najcz\u0119st\u00adszych infekcji, kt\u00f3re mog\u0105 wys\u00adt\u0105pi\u0107 zar\u00f3wno pod\u00adczas hos\u00adpi\u00adtal\u00adiza\u00adcji, jak i&nbsp;po&nbsp;wyp\u00adisie ze&nbsp;szpi\u00adta\u00adla. Na&nbsp;przyk\u0142ad w&nbsp;przy\u00adpad\u00adku oper\u00adacji chole\u00adcys\u00adtek\u00adtomii znaczny wzrost takich zaka\u017ce\u0144 obser\u00adwowano corocznie w&nbsp;lat\u00adach 2011\u20132014. Dlat\u00adego kluc\u00adzowe jest poz\u00adnanie sposobu ich pow\u00adstawa\u00adnia i&nbsp;zrozu\u00admie\u00adnie zwi\u0105zanych z&nbsp;nimi kon\u00adsek\u00adwencji, aby zaplanowa\u0107 strate\u00adgie ich zapo\u00adb\u00adie\u00adga\u00adnia i\/lub leczenia.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">Zgod\u00adnie z&nbsp;Nation\u00adal Noso\u00adco\u00admi\u00adal Infec\u00adtion Sur\u00adveil\u00adlance Sys\u00adtem (NNIS), ZMO pojaw\u00adia\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 w&nbsp;ci\u0105gu 30 dni od&nbsp;zabiegu chirur\u00adgicznego (lub w&nbsp;ci\u0105gu roku, je\u015bli w&nbsp;miejs\u00adcu pozosta\u00adje implant). ZMO mog\u0105 nale\u017ce\u0107 do&nbsp;jed\u00adnej z&nbsp;trzech kat\u00ade\u00adgorii, w&nbsp;tym:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-list eplus-styles-uid-4034ba\">\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Powierz\u00adchowne ZMO \u2013 doty\u00adczy sk\u00f3ry lub tkan\u00adki pod\u00adsk\u00f3rnej w&nbsp;obr\u0119\u00adbie naci\u0119\u00adcia<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">G\u0142\u0119bok\u00adie ZMO \u2013 obe\u00adj\u00admu\u00adje mi\u0119\u015bnie i&nbsp;otacza\u00adj\u0105ce je&nbsp;tkan\u00adki<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">ZMO narz\u0105\u00addu lub przestrzeni \u2014&nbsp;mo\u017ce zna\u00adj\u00addowa\u0107 si\u0119 w&nbsp;dowol\u00adnym obszarze cia\u0142a innym ni\u017c sk\u00f3ra, mi\u0119\u015bnie i&nbsp;otacza\u00adj\u0105\u00adca tkan\u00adka przeci\u00adnana lub manip\u00adu\u00adlowana pod\u00adczas oper\u00adacji (narz\u0105dy lub przestrzeni mi\u0119dzy organa\u00admi).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">Czyn\u00adnikiem eti\u00ado\u00adlog\u00adicznym ZM s\u0105&nbsp;najcz\u0119\u015b\u00adciej mikroor\u00adga\u00adnizmy \u017cyj\u0105ce na&nbsp;sk\u00f3rze, ale&nbsp;mog\u0105 to&nbsp;by\u0107 te\u017c drob\u00adnous\u00adtro\u00adje bytu\u00adj\u0105ce w&nbsp;innych okoli\u00adcach cia\u0142a lub zna\u00adj\u00addu\u00adj\u0105ce si\u0119 w&nbsp;\u015brodowisku sali oper\u00ada\u00adcyjnej lub na&nbsp;narz\u0119dzi\u00adach chirur\u00adgicznych. Niek\u00adt\u00f3re z&nbsp;tych pato\u00adgen\u00f3w mog\u0105 powodowa\u0107 kry\u00adty\u00adczne zaka\u017ce\u00adnia prowadz\u0105ce do&nbsp;roz\u00adwo\u00adju sep\u00adsy, ci\u0119\u017ckiego uszkodzenia narz\u0105d\u00f3w a&nbsp;nawet zgonu pac\u00adjen\u00adta. ZMO mo\u017c\u00adna przyp\u00adisa\u0107 g\u0142\u00f3wnie drob\u00adnous\u00adtro\u00adjom takim jak Escherichia coli, enteroko\u00adki, paciorkow\u00adce, Can\u00addi\u00adda albi\u00adcans\u00b8 Pseudomonas i&nbsp;Staphy\u00adlo\u00adcoc\u00adcus aureus.<\/p>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\">Typowe konsekwencje ZMO to:<\/h4>\n\n\n<ul class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-list eplus-styles-uid-4abde7\">\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Przed\u0142u\u017ce\u00adnie hos\u00adpi\u00adtal\u00adiza\u00adcji pac\u00adjen\u00adt\u00f3w<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Wzrost koszt\u00f3w zwi\u0105zanych z&nbsp;opiek\u0105 dla plac\u00f3wki\/infrastruktury opie\u00adki zdrowot\u00adnej<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Daleko id\u0105ce negaty\u00adwne skut\u00adki dla zdrowia psy\u00adchicznego i&nbsp;fizy\u00adcznego pac\u00adjen\u00adta<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">\u015amier\u0107<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">W&nbsp;ca\u0142ej Europie przeprowad\u00adzono kil\u00adka bada\u0144 naukowych mon\u00adi\u00adtoru\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych prob\u00adlem zaka\u017ce\u0144 miejs\u00adca oper\u00adowanego. Jed\u00adno z&nbsp;takich bada\u0144 prowad\u00adzono we&nbsp;W\u0142oszech, obj\u0119\u0142o ono 4665 pac\u00adjen\u00adt\u00f3w. W&nbsp;tej&nbsp;pr\u00f3\u00adbie pac\u00adjen\u00adt\u00f3w ZMO wys\u00adt\u0105pi\u0142o u&nbsp;241 pac\u00adjen\u00adt\u00f3w, co&nbsp;stanow\u00adi\u0142o 5,2% badanej grupy. Wysok\u00adie wska\u017ani\u00adki zapadal\u00adno\u015b\u00adci na&nbsp;ZMO stwierd\u00adzono r\u00f3wnie\u017c w&nbsp;odniesie\u00adniu do&nbsp;oper\u00adacji okr\u0119\u017cni\u00adcy (18,9 %) i&nbsp;oper\u00adacji \u017co\u0142\u0105d\u00adka (13,6 %). Dodatkowe kosz\u00adty zwi\u0105zane z&nbsp;ZMO w&nbsp;pro\u00adce\u00addu\u00adrach ortope\u00addy\u00adcznych i&nbsp;trau\u00adma\u00adto\u00adlog\u00adicznych we&nbsp;W\u0142oszech r\u00f3wnie\u017c zosta\u0142y przeanal\u00adi\u00adzowane w&nbsp;odd\u00adziel\u00adnym przy\u00adpad\u00adku. Sza\u00adcow\u00adany, \u015bred\u00adni koszt wyni\u00f3s\u0142 9 560 EUR na&nbsp;ka\u017cde wydarze\u00adnie. Maksy\u00admalne kosz\u00adty mog\u0105 osi\u0105gn\u0105\u0107 nawet 32 000 euro. Dla przyk\u0142adu sza\u00adcu\u00adje si\u0119, \u017ce&nbsp;w&nbsp; Szwa\u00adj\u00adcarii zaka\u017ce\u00adnia miejs\u00adca oper\u00adowanego stanow\u00adi\u0105 31% zaka\u017ce\u0144 zwi\u0105zanych z&nbsp;opiek\u0105 zdrowot\u00adn\u0105 i&nbsp;generu\u00adj\u0105 koszt 230 mil\u00adion\u00f3w frank\u00f3w rocznie.<\/p>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\"><strong>Metody zapobiegania<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">Prak\u00adty\u00adka wskazu\u00adje, \u017ce&nbsp;u\u017cy\u00adwanie wszys\u00adt\u00adkich w\u0142a\u015b\u00adci\u00adwych narz\u0119dzi w&nbsp;tym, usprawnie\u00adnie pro\u00adce\u00addur steryl\u00adiza\u00adcji i&nbsp;pro\u00admowanie praw\u00adid\u0142owego usuwa\u00adnia zu\u017cytego mate\u00adri\u00ada\u0142u mo\u017ce znacznie zmniejszy\u0107 ryzyko zaka\u017ce\u00adnia. \u015arod\u00adki, kt\u00f3re nale\u017cy pod\u00adj\u0105\u0107, doty\u00adcz\u0105 praw\u00adid\u0142owej asep\u00adty\u00adki i&nbsp;praw\u00adid\u0142owych tech\u00adnik chirur\u00adgicznych.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">Poni\u017cej zna\u00adj\u00addu\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 pro\u00adce\u00addury zde\u00adcy\u00addowanie zale\u00adcane przez&nbsp;\u015awia\u00adtow\u0105 Orga\u00adni\u00adza\u00adcj\u0119 Zdrowia (WHO) i&nbsp;inne gremia fachowe:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"eplus-wrapper wp-block-list eplus-styles-uid-351a7f\">\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Prze\u00add\u00adop\u00ader\u00ada\u00adcyj\u00adna pro\u00adfi\u00adlak\u00adty\u00adka anty\u00adbio\u00adtykowa<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Usuni\u0119\u00adcie w\u0142os\u00f3w pac\u00adjen\u00adta tylko&nbsp;wtedy, gdy&nbsp;jest to&nbsp;abso\u00adlut\u00adnie konieczne; w&nbsp;takim wypad\u00adku nale\u017cy zas\u00adtosowa\u0107&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/oferta\/chirurgia\/strzygarka-chirurgiczna\">strzy\u00adgar\u00adki chirur\u00adgiczne<\/a>&nbsp;zami\u00adast trady\u00adcyjnych maszynek do&nbsp;gole\u00adnia<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Zapewnie\u00adnie, \u017ce&nbsp;pra\u00adcown\u00adi\u00adcy ochrony zdrowia rutynowo przeprowadza\u00adj\u0105 dezyn\u00adfekcj\u0119 r\u0105k<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Odpowied\u00adnie dotle\u00adnie pac\u00adjen\u00adt\u00f3w (FiO2 na&nbsp;poziomie 80%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/oferta\/anestezjologia\/ogrzewacz-plynow-infuzyjnych-i-krwi-enflow\">Utrzy\u00admanie w\u0142a\u015b\u00adci\u00adwej tem\u00adper\u00adatu\u00adry cia\u0142a pac\u00adjen\u00adta w&nbsp;trak\u00adcie zabiegu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">Jak dobrze Two\u00adja plac\u00f3wka wypa\u00adda na&nbsp;li\u015b\u00adcie kon\u00adtrol\u00adnej infekcji miejs\u00adca oper\u00adacji WHO?<\/p>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\"><strong>Narz\u0119dzia sprz\u0119towe do&nbsp;walki ZMO<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">Jak wskazu\u00adje punkt 3 na&nbsp;powy\u017cszej li\u015b\u00adcie, dodatkowym czyn\u00adnikiem, kt\u00f3ry&nbsp;mo\u017ce utorowa\u0107 drog\u0119 do&nbsp;ZMO, mo\u017ce by\u0107 u\u017cy\u00adwanie trady\u00adcyjnych golarek lub maszynek do&nbsp;gole\u00adnia do&nbsp;usuwa\u00adnia w\u0142os\u00f3w w&nbsp;miejs\u00adcu zabiegu chirur\u00adgicznego. Dzieje si\u0119 tak, poniewa\u017c lekarze usuwa\u00adj\u0105c w\u0142osy, mog\u0105 uszkodz\u00adi\u0107 sk\u00f3r\u0119 pac\u00adjen\u00adt\u00f3w. Dlat\u00adego zde\u00adcy\u00addowanie zale\u00adca si\u0119 u\u017cy\u00adwanie strzy\u00adgarek do&nbsp;strzy\u017ce\u00adnia w\u0142os\u00f3w pon\u00adad poziomem sk\u00f3ry. Nale\u017cy te\u017c stosowa\u0107 jed\u00adno\u00adra\u00adzowe ostrza, kt\u00f3re odpowied\u00adnio u\u017cy\u00adwane zmniejsza\u00adj\u0105 ryzyko naci\u0119\u0107 i&nbsp;skalecze\u0144 oraz&nbsp;popraw\u00adia\u00adj\u0105 bezpiecze\u0144stwo.\u00b9\u2070<\/p>\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">W&nbsp;d\u0142ugich zab\u00adie\u00adgach warto rozwa\u017cy\u0107 zas\u00adtosowanie&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/oferta\/chirurgia\/akcesoria-na-blok-operacyjny\/dermadine-plus\">folii oper\u00ada\u00adcyjnych uwal\u00adni\u00ada\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych powidon jodu<\/a>. W&nbsp;ten spos\u00f3b przed\u0142u\u017cana jest skuteczno\u015b\u0107 prze\u00add\u00adop\u00ader\u00ada\u00adcyjnych zabieg\u00f3w zwi\u0105zanych z&nbsp;myciem i&nbsp;dezyn\u00adfekcj\u0105.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">Kole\u00adjnym niezmiernie wa\u017cnym czyn\u00adnikiem jest stosowanie w\u0142a\u015b\u00adci\u00adwych&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/oferta\/rekawice\/rekawice-chirurgiczne\">r\u0119kaw\u00adic chirur\u00adgicznych<\/a>. Opr\u00f3cz wysok\u00adiej szczel\u00adno\u015b\u00adci, r\u0119kaw\u00adice powin\u00adny by\u0107 odpowied\u00adnio dobrane do&nbsp;typu zabiegu oper\u00ada\u00adcyjnego. Np.&nbsp;w&nbsp;orto\u00adpe\u00addii i&nbsp;innych ci\u0119\u017c\u00adkich zab\u00adie\u00adgach warto stosowa\u0107 r\u0119kaw\u00adice pod\u00adw\u00f3jne pod\u00adczas, gdy&nbsp;do&nbsp;delikat\u00adnych pro\u00adce\u00addur wyma\u00adga\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych szczeg\u00f3l\u00adnej pre\u00adcyzji najlepiej sprawdza\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 r\u0119kaw\u00adice mikrochirur\u00adgiczne.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">Z&nbsp;punk\u00adtu widzenia prewencji zaka\u017ce\u0144 miejs\u00adca oper\u00adowanego wa\u017cne jest, aby w&nbsp;sytu\u00adacji, gdy&nbsp;dojdzie do&nbsp;uszkodzenia r\u0119kaw\u00adicy w&nbsp;trak\u00adcie zabiegu na&nbsp;sk\u00f3rze lekarza lub piel\u0119g\u00adniar\u00adki zna\u00adj\u00addowa\u0142o si\u0119 jak najm\u00adniej drob\u00adnous\u00adtro\u00adj\u00f3w, kt\u00f3re przetr\u00adwa\u0142y pro\u00adces dezyn\u00adfekcji r\u0105k. Stan sk\u00f3ry, a&nbsp;zw\u0142aszcza jej wysusze\u00adnie i&nbsp;uszkodzenia spowodowane np.&nbsp;reakc\u00adja\u00admi aler\u00adgiczny\u00admi na&nbsp;lateks nat\u00adu\u00adral\u00adny sprzy\u00adja\u00adj\u0105 zwi\u0119k\u00adszone\u00admu nosi\u00adcielst\u00adwu bak\u00adterii (w&nbsp;lit\u00ader\u00adaturze odno\u00adtowu\u00adje si\u0119 nawet trzykrot\u00adnie zwi\u0119k\u00adszon\u0105 ilo\u015b\u0107 bak\u00adterii vs. sk\u00f3ra zdrowa) a&nbsp;jed\u00adnocze\u015bnie zmienia si\u0119 te\u017c pro\u00adfil drob\u00adnous\u00adtro\u00adj\u00f3w, gdy\u017c&nbsp;znacznie cz\u0119\u015b\u00adciej wys\u00adt\u0119pu\u00adj\u0105 bak\u00adterie ze&nbsp;szczep\u00f3w bardziej zjadli\u00adwych i&nbsp;wielolekoopornych.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">\u015awiet\u00adnym rozwi\u0105zaniem jest dob\u00f3r w\u0142a\u015b\u00adci\u00adwych r\u0119kaw\u00adic wyko\u00adnanych z&nbsp;mate\u00adri\u00ada\u0142\u00f3w syn\u00adte\u00adty\u00adcznych, pozbaw\u00adionych aler\u00adgen\u00f3w wol\u00adnych od&nbsp;przyspiesza\u00adczy wulka\u00adniza\u00adcji (akcel\u00ader\u00ada\u00adtor\u00f3w), obec\u00adnie najbardziej pole\u00adcane s\u0105&nbsp;r\u0119kaw\u00adice pro\u00addukowane z&nbsp;poli\u00adizo\u00adprenu lub neo\u00adprenu.<\/p>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\" id=\"podsumowanie\"><strong>Podsumowanie<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">Kosz\u00adty leczenia powik\u0142a\u0144 zwi\u0105zanych z&nbsp;ZMO s\u0105&nbsp;bard\u00adzo wysok\u00adie. Dodatkowe obci\u0105\u017ce\u00adnie psy\u00adchiczne i&nbsp;fizy\u00adczne pac\u00adjen\u00adt\u00f3w jest nie&nbsp;po\u017c\u0105\u00addane. Zaka\u017ce\u00adniom miejs\u00adca oper\u00adowanego mo\u017c\u00adna skutecznie zapo\u00adb\u00adie\u00adga\u0107 i&nbsp;zde\u00adcy\u00addowanie warto to&nbsp;robi\u0107.<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\"><em>lek. S\u0142a\u00adwomir Gondek<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":"Zacznijmy od&nbsp;prostego pytania: jak powszechne s\u0105&nbsp;infekcje chirurgiczne? Obec\u00adnie zaka\u017ce\u00adnia miejs\u00adca oper\u00adowanego (ZMO) to&nbsp;jedne z&nbsp;najcz\u0119st\u00adszych infekcji, kt\u00f3re mog\u0105 wys\u00adt\u0105pi\u0107 zar\u00f3wno pod\u00adczas hos\u00adpi\u00adtal\u00adiza\u00adcji, jak i&nbsp;po&nbsp;wyp\u00adisie ze&nbsp;szpi\u00adta\u00adla. Na&nbsp;przyk\u0142ad w&nbsp;przy\u00adpad\u00adku oper\u00adacji chole\u00adcys\u00adtek\u00adtomii znaczny wzrost takich zaka\u017ce\u0144 obser\u00adwowano corocznie w&nbsp;lat\u00adach 2011\u20132014. Dlat\u00adego kluc\u00adzowe jest poz\u00adnanie sposobu ich pow\u00adstawa\u00adnia i&nbsp;zrozu\u00admie\u00adnie zwi\u0105zanych z&nbsp;nimi kon\u00adsek\u00adwencji, aby zaplanowa\u0107 strate\u00adgie ich zapo\u00adb\u00adie\u00adga\u00adnia i\/lub leczenia. Zgod\u00adnie [&hellip;]","author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"editor_plus_post_options":"{}","editor_plus_copied_stylings":"{}","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[46,52,28,53,47,51],"class_list":["post-1052","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chirurgia","tag-folia-biobojcza","tag-ogrzewanie","tag-profilaktyka","tag-rekawice-chirurgiczne","tag-strzygarka-chirurgiczna","tag-zmo"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Zaka\u017cenia miejsca operowanego - Skamex<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Zaka\u017cenia miejsca operowanego - Skamex\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Zacznijmy od&nbsp;prostego pytania: jak powszechne s\u0105&nbsp;infekcje chirurgiczne? Obec\u00adnie zaka\u017ce\u00adnia miejs\u00adca oper\u00adowanego (ZMO) to&nbsp;jedne z&nbsp;najcz\u0119st\u00adszych infekcji, kt\u00f3re mog\u0105 wys\u00adt\u0105pi\u0107 zar\u00f3wno pod\u00adczas hos\u00adpi\u00adtal\u00adiza\u00adcji, jak i&nbsp;po&nbsp;wyp\u00adisie ze&nbsp;szpi\u00adta\u00adla. Na&nbsp;przyk\u0142ad w&nbsp;przy\u00adpad\u00adku oper\u00adacji chole\u00adcys\u00adtek\u00adtomii znaczny wzrost takich zaka\u017ce\u0144 obser\u00adwowano corocznie w&nbsp;lat\u00adach 2011\u20132014. Dlat\u00adego kluc\u00adzowe jest poz\u00adnanie sposobu ich pow\u00adstawa\u00adnia i&nbsp;zrozu\u00admie\u00adnie zwi\u0105zanych z&nbsp;nimi kon\u00adsek\u00adwencji, aby zaplanowa\u0107 strate\u00adgie ich zapo\u00adb\u00adie\u00adga\u00adnia i\/lub leczenia. Zgod\u00adnie [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Skamex\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/skamex\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-04-14T10:48:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-05-12T10:48:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"empressia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Napisane przez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"empressia\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Szacowany czas czytania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minut\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"empressia\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/#\/schema\/person\/a148d815b29ce9c46f53d4cc87cd7aef\"},\"headline\":\"Zaka\u017cenia miejsca operowanego\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-04-14T10:48:34+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-05-12T10:48:50+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego\"},\"wordCount\":1041,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"folia biob\u00f3jcza\",\"ogrzewanie\",\"profilaktyka\",\"r\u0119kawice chirurgiczne\",\"strzygarka chirurgiczna\",\"ZMO\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Chirurgia\"],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego\",\"name\":\"Zaka\u017cenia miejsca operowanego - Skamex\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2022-04-14T10:48:34+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-05-12T10:48:50+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Strona g\u0142\u00f3wna\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Zaka\u017cenia miejsca operowanego\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/\",\"name\":\"Skamex- Jako\u015b\u0107 w trosce o bezpiecze\u0144stwo\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Skamex\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/logo_skamex-e1715849609970.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/logo_skamex-e1715849609970.png\",\"width\":1312,\"height\":318,\"caption\":\"Skamex\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/skamex\/\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/skamex\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/#\/schema\/person\/a148d815b29ce9c46f53d4cc87cd7aef\",\"name\":\"empressia\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/skamex.com.pl\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/author\/empressia\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Zaka\u017cenia miejsca operowanego - Skamex","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego","og_locale":"pl_PL","og_type":"article","og_title":"Zaka\u017cenia miejsca operowanego - Skamex","og_description":"Zacznijmy od&nbsp;prostego pytania: jak powszechne s\u0105&nbsp;infekcje chirurgiczne? Obec\u00adnie zaka\u017ce\u00adnia miejs\u00adca oper\u00adowanego (ZMO) to&nbsp;jedne z&nbsp;najcz\u0119st\u00adszych infekcji, kt\u00f3re mog\u0105 wys\u00adt\u0105pi\u0107 zar\u00f3wno pod\u00adczas hos\u00adpi\u00adtal\u00adiza\u00adcji, jak i&nbsp;po&nbsp;wyp\u00adisie ze&nbsp;szpi\u00adta\u00adla. Na&nbsp;przyk\u0142ad w&nbsp;przy\u00adpad\u00adku oper\u00adacji chole\u00adcys\u00adtek\u00adtomii znaczny wzrost takich zaka\u017ce\u0144 obser\u00adwowano corocznie w&nbsp;lat\u00adach 2011\u20132014. Dlat\u00adego kluc\u00adzowe jest poz\u00adnanie sposobu ich pow\u00adstawa\u00adnia i&nbsp;zrozu\u00admie\u00adnie zwi\u0105zanych z&nbsp;nimi kon\u00adsek\u00adwencji, aby zaplanowa\u0107 strate\u00adgie ich zapo\u00adb\u00adie\u00adga\u00adnia i\/lub leczenia. Zgod\u00adnie [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego","og_site_name":"Skamex","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/skamex\/","article_published_time":"2022-04-14T10:48:34+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-05-12T10:48:50+00:00","author":"empressia","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Napisane przez":"empressia","Szacowany czas czytania":"5 minut"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego"},"author":{"name":"empressia","@id":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/#\/schema\/person\/a148d815b29ce9c46f53d4cc87cd7aef"},"headline":"Zaka\u017cenia miejsca operowanego","datePublished":"2022-04-14T10:48:34+00:00","dateModified":"2025-05-12T10:48:50+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego"},"wordCount":1041,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/#organization"},"keywords":["folia biob\u00f3jcza","ogrzewanie","profilaktyka","r\u0119kawice chirurgiczne","strzygarka chirurgiczna","ZMO"],"articleSection":["Chirurgia"],"inLanguage":"pl-PL"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego","url":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego","name":"Zaka\u017cenia miejsca operowanego - Skamex","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/#website"},"datePublished":"2022-04-14T10:48:34+00:00","dateModified":"2025-05-12T10:48:50+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"pl-PL","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/chirurgia\/zakazenia-miejsca-operowanego#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Strona g\u0142\u00f3wna","item":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Zaka\u017cenia miejsca operowanego"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/","name":"Skamex- Jako\u015b\u0107 w trosce o bezpiecze\u0144stwo","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"pl-PL"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/#organization","name":"Skamex","url":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pl-PL","@id":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/logo_skamex-e1715849609970.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/logo_skamex-e1715849609970.png","width":1312,"height":318,"caption":"Skamex"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/skamex\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/skamex"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/#\/schema\/person\/a148d815b29ce9c46f53d4cc87cd7aef","name":"empressia","sameAs":["https:\/\/skamex.com.pl"],"url":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/blog\/author\/empressia"}]}},"acf":[],"gutenberg_blocks":[{"blockName":"custom-styles","attrs":{"styles":".eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8{text-align:justify}.eplus-styles-uid-4034ba{grid-template-columns:repeat(1,1fr);list-style-type:disc}@media (max-width:981px){.eplus-styles-uid-4034ba{list-style-type:}}@media (max-width:600px){.eplus-styles-uid-4034ba{list-style-type:}}.eplus-styles-uid-4034ba:hover{list-style-type:}.eplus-styles-uid-4abde7{grid-template-columns:repeat(1,1fr);list-style-type:disc}@media (max-width:981px){.eplus-styles-uid-4abde7{list-style-type:}}@media (max-width:600px){.eplus-styles-uid-4abde7{list-style-type:}}.eplus-styles-uid-4abde7:hover{list-style-type:}.eplus-styles-uid-351a7f{grid-template-columns:repeat(1,1fr);list-style-type:disc}@media (max-width:981px){.eplus-styles-uid-351a7f{list-style-type:}}@media (max-width:600px){.eplus-styles-uid-351a7f{list-style-type:}}.eplus-styles-uid-351a7f:hover{list-style-type:}"}},{"blockName":"core\/heading","attrs":{"level":4,"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-RuirKm","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\"><strong>Zacznijmy od&nbsp;prostego pytania: jak powszechne s\u0105&nbsp;infekcje chirurgiczne?<\/strong><\/h4>\n","innerContent":["\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\"><strong>Zacznijmy od&nbsp;prostego pytania: jak powszechne s\u0105&nbsp;infekcje chirurgiczne?<\/strong><\/h4>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"epCustomTypography":{"lineHeight":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontSize":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"letterSpacing":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontWeight":null,"textStyle":[],"textColor":{"color":"","imp":false},"underline":{"color":"","style":""},"lineThrough":{"color":"","style":""},"textAlignment":"justify"},"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-lld9ej","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">Obecnie zaka\u017cenia miejsca operowanego (ZMO) to\u00a0jedne z\u00a0najcz\u0119stszych infekcji, kt\u00f3re mog\u0105 wyst\u0105pi\u0107 zar\u00f3wno podczas hospitalizacji, jak i\u00a0po\u00a0wypisie ze\u00a0szpitala. Na\u00a0przyk\u0142ad w\u00a0przypadku operacji cholecystektomii znaczny wzrost takich zaka\u017ce\u0144 obserwowano corocznie w\u00a0latach 2011-2014. Dlatego kluczowe jest poznanie sposobu ich powstawania i\u00a0zrozumienie zwi\u0105zanych z\u00a0nimi konsekwencji, aby zaplanowa\u0107 strategie ich zapobiegania i\/lub leczenia.<\/p>","innerContent":["\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Obecnie zaka\u017cenia miejsca operowanego (ZMO) to&nbsp;jedne z&nbsp;najcz\u0119stszych infekcji, kt\u00f3re mog\u0105 wyst\u0105pi\u0107 zar\u00f3wno podczas hospitalizacji, jak i&nbsp;po&nbsp;wypisie ze&nbsp;szpitala. Na&nbsp;przyk\u0142ad w&nbsp;przypadku operacji cholecystektomii znaczny wzrost takich zaka\u017ce\u0144 obserwowano corocznie w&nbsp;latach 2011-2014. Dlatego kluczowe jest poznanie sposobu ich powstawania i&nbsp;zrozumienie zwi\u0105zanych z&nbsp;nimi konsekwencji, aby zaplanowa\u0107 strategie ich zapobiegania i\/lub leczenia.<\/p>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"epCustomTypography":{"lineHeight":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontSize":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"letterSpacing":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontWeight":null,"textStyle":[],"textColor":{"color":"","imp":false},"underline":{"color":"","style":""},"lineThrough":{"color":"","style":""},"textAlignment":"justify"},"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-wS39Lj","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">Zgodnie z\u00a0National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System (NNIS), ZMO pojawiaj\u0105 si\u0119 w\u00a0ci\u0105gu 30 dni od\u00a0zabiegu chirurgicznego (lub w\u00a0ci\u0105gu roku, je\u015bli w\u00a0miejscu pozostaje implant). ZMO mog\u0105 nale\u017ce\u0107 do\u00a0jednej z\u00a0trzech kategorii, w\u00a0tym:<\/p>","innerContent":["\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Zgodnie z&nbsp;National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System (NNIS), ZMO pojawiaj\u0105 si\u0119 w&nbsp;ci\u0105gu 30 dni od&nbsp;zabiegu chirurgicznego (lub w&nbsp;ci\u0105gu roku, je\u015bli w&nbsp;miejscu pozostaje implant). ZMO mog\u0105 nale\u017ce\u0107 do&nbsp;jednej z&nbsp;trzech kategorii, w&nbsp;tym:<\/p>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/list","attrs":{"epStylingOptions":{"columnsResponsiveEnabled":false,"columnsHoverEnabled":false,"itemsSpacingResponsiveEnabled":false,"itemsSpacingHoverEnabled":false,"listStyleResponsiveEnabled":false,"listStyleHoverEnabled":false,"listIconResponsiveEnabled":false,"listIconHoverEnabled":false,"columns":{"target":"","responsive":true,"hover":true,"options":[{"custom":true,"control":"ToggleOptions"},{"label":"Columns","control":"Range","attribute":"columns","css":"grid-template-columns","customValue":"repeat({{value}}, 1fr)","props":{"max":5,"min":1,"supportedUnits":[]},"defaults":{"desktop":"1"},"show_if":{"className":["ep-custom-list"]}}]},"itemsSpacing":{"target":"","responsive":true,"hover":true,"options":[{"label":"Items Spacing","control":"Range","attribute":"itemsSpacing","css":"grid-gap","props":{"max":100,"min":0,"supportedUnits":["px"]},"show_if":{"className":["ep-custom-list"]}}]},"listStyle":{"target":"","responsive":true,"hover":true,"options":[{"custom":true,"control":"IconClassToggle","condition":{"relation":"AND","query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-list"}]}},{"label":"Choose List Style","control":"ButtonGroup","attribute":"unorderListStyle","css":"list-style-type","defaults":{"desktop":"disc"},"condition":{"relation":"AND","query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-list"},{"field":"attributes.ordered","compare":"EQUAL","value":false},{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"NOT IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]},"props":{"layout":"stacked","options":[{"customIcon":"<svg enable-background='new 0 0 512 512' version='1.1' viewBox='0 0 512 512' xml:space='preserve' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg'><path d='m256 0c-141.16 0-256 114.84-256 256s114.84 256 256 256 256-114.84 256-256-114.84-256-256-256zm0 448c-105.86 0-192-86.135-192-192 0-40.406 12.25-78.604 35.542-111.2l267.66 267.66c-32.594 23.292-70.792 35.542-111.2 35.542zm156.46-80.802-267.66-267.66c32.594-23.292 70.792-35.542 111.2-35.542 105.86 0 192 86.135 192 192 0 40.406-12.25 78.604-35.542 111.2z'\/><\/svg>","value":"none"},{"customIcon":"<svg enable-background='new 0 0 29.107 29.107' version='1.1' viewBox='0 0 29.107 29.107' xml:space='preserve' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg'><path d='M14.554,0C6.561,0,0,6.562,0,14.552c0,7.996,6.561,14.555,14.554,14.555c7.996,0,14.553-6.559,14.553-14.555 C29.106,6.562,22.55,0,14.554,0z'\/><\/svg>","value":"disc"},{"customIcon":"<svg enable-background='new 0 0 341.333 341.333' version='1.1' viewBox='0 0 341.33 341.33' xml:space='preserve' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg'><path d='m170.67 0c-94.257 0-170.67 76.41-170.67 170.67s76.41 170.67 170.67 170.67 170.67-76.41 170.67-170.67-76.411-170.67-170.67-170.67zm0 298.67c-70.692 0-128-57.308-128-128s57.308-128 128-128 128 57.308 128 128-57.308 128-128 128z'\/><\/svg>","value":"circle"},{"customIcon":"<svg enable-background='new 0 0 60 60' version='1.1' viewBox='0 0 60 60' xml:space='preserve' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg'><rect width='60' height='60'\/><\/svg>","value":"square"}]}},{"label":"Choose List Style","control":"ButtonGroup","attribute":"orderListStyle","css":"list-style-type","defaults":{"desktop":"decimal"},"condition":{"relation":"AND","query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-list"},{"field":"attributes.ordered","compare":"EQUAL","value":true},{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"NOT IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]},"props":{"layout":"stacked","options":[{"customIcon":"<svg enable-background='new 0 0 512 512' version='1.1' viewBox='0 0 512 512' xml:space='preserve' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg'><path d='m256 0c-141.16 0-256 114.84-256 256s114.84 256 256 256 256-114.84 256-256-114.84-256-256-256zm0 448c-105.86 0-192-86.135-192-192 0-40.406 12.25-78.604 35.542-111.2l267.66 267.66c-32.594 23.292-70.792 35.542-111.2 35.542zm156.46-80.802-267.66-267.66c32.594-23.292 70.792-35.542 111.2-35.542 105.86 0 192 86.135 192 192 0 40.406-12.25 78.604-35.542 111.2z'\/><\/svg>","value":"none"},{"customIcon":"<svg id='Capa_1' enable-background='new 0 0 512 512' viewBox='0 0 512 512' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg'><g id='_x31__1_'><path d='m376 512v-512h-99.902l-3.56 9.932c-9.419 26.294-27.202 49.746-52.837 69.697-26.528 20.684-51.211 34.849-73.359 42.1l-10.342 3.383v114.771l19.702-6.519c36.387-12.012 69.448-29.268 98.672-51.445v330.081z'\/><\/g><\/svg>","value":"decimal"},{"customIcon":"\u2160","value":"upper-roman"},{"customIcon":"\u2170","value":"lower-roman"}]}}]},"listIcon":{"target":"li:before","includeDotSuffix":false,"responsive":true,"hover":true,"hoverTarget":"{{class}} li:hover:before","options":[{"label":"Icon","control":"IconPicker","attribute":"icon","defaults":{"desktop":"eplusicon-check"},"css":"content","condition":{"relation":"AND","query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]}},{"label":"Background","control":"ColorPicker","attribute":"iconBackground","css":"background","condition":{"query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]}},{"label":"Color","control":"ColorPicker","attribute":"iconColor","css":"color","condition":{"query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]}},{"label":"Size","control":"Range","attribute":"iconSize","css":"font-size","props":{"supportedUnits":["px"],"max":100},"condition":{"query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]}},{"label":"Radius","control":"Range","attribute":"iconRadius","css":"border-radius","condition":{"query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]}},{"label":"Padding","control":"Range","attribute":"iconPadding","css":"padding","props":{"supportedUnits":["px"],"max":100},"condition":{"query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]}}]},"savedStyling":"","clientId":"da76c92e-edd9-453b-9357-af535c6151f0"},"columns":{"desktop":{"value":1,"important":false,"unit":""},"tablet":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"hoverModified":false},"itemsSpacing":{"desktop":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tablet":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"hoverModified":false},"unorderListStyle":{"desktop":"disc","tablet":"","tabletModified":false,"mobile":"","mobileModified":false,"hover":"","hoverModified":false},"orderListStyle":{"desktop":"decimal","tablet":"","tabletModified":false,"mobile":"","mobileModified":false,"hover":"","hoverModified":false},"icon":{"desktop":{"icon":"eplusicon-check"},"tablet":{"icon":""},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"icon":""},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"icon":""},"hoverModified":false},"iconBackground":{"desktop":{"color":""},"tablet":{"color":""},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"color":""},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"color":""},"hoverModified":false},"iconColor":{"desktop":{"color":""},"tablet":{"color":""},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"color":""},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"color":""},"hoverModified":false},"iconSize":{"desktop":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tablet":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"hoverModified":false},"iconRadius":{"desktop":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tablet":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"hoverModified":false},"iconPadding":{"desktop":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tablet":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"hoverModified":false},"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-mwg4wR","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[{"blockName":"core\/list-item","attrs":{"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-O9n13X","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Powierzchowne ZMO \u2013 dotyczy sk\u00f3ry lub tkanki podsk\u00f3rnej w\u00a0obr\u0119bie naci\u0119cia<\/li>\n","innerContent":["\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Powierzchowne ZMO \u2013 dotyczy sk\u00f3ry lub tkanki podsk\u00f3rnej w\u00a0obr\u0119bie naci\u0119cia<\/li>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/list-item","attrs":{"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-FYXT6k","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">G\u0142\u0119bokie ZMO \u2013 obejmuje mi\u0119\u015bnie i\u00a0otaczaj\u0105ce je\u00a0tkanki<\/li>\n","innerContent":["\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">G\u0142\u0119bokie ZMO \u2013 obejmuje mi\u0119\u015bnie i\u00a0otaczaj\u0105ce je\u00a0tkanki<\/li>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/list-item","attrs":{"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-Seqtxr","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">ZMO narz\u0105du lub przestrzeni \u2014\u00a0mo\u017ce znajdowa\u0107 si\u0119 w\u00a0dowolnym obszarze cia\u0142a innym ni\u017c sk\u00f3ra, mi\u0119\u015bnie i\u00a0otaczaj\u0105ca tkanka przecinana lub manipulowana podczas operacji (narz\u0105dy lub przestrzeni mi\u0119dzy organami).<\/li>\n","innerContent":["\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">ZMO narz\u0105du lub przestrzeni \u2014\u00a0mo\u017ce znajdowa\u0107 si\u0119 w\u00a0dowolnym obszarze cia\u0142a innym ni\u017c sk\u00f3ra, mi\u0119\u015bnie i\u00a0otaczaj\u0105ca tkanka przecinana lub manipulowana podczas operacji (narz\u0105dy lub przestrzeni mi\u0119dzy organami).<\/li>\n"]}],"innerHTML":"<ul class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-4034ba\">\n\n\n\n<\/ul>","innerContent":["\n<ul class=\" eplus-wrapper\">",null,"\n\n",null,"\n\n",null,"<\/ul>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"epCustomTypography":{"lineHeight":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontSize":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"letterSpacing":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontWeight":null,"textStyle":[],"textColor":{"color":"","imp":false},"underline":{"color":"","style":""},"lineThrough":{"color":"","style":""},"textAlignment":"justify"},"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-aoNVLQ","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">Czynnikiem etiologicznym ZM s\u0105\u00a0najcz\u0119\u015bciej mikroorganizmy \u017cyj\u0105ce na\u00a0sk\u00f3rze, ale\u00a0mog\u0105 to\u00a0by\u0107 te\u017c drobnoustroje bytuj\u0105ce w\u00a0innych okolicach cia\u0142a lub znajduj\u0105ce si\u0119 w\u00a0\u015brodowisku sali operacyjnej lub na\u00a0narz\u0119dziach chirurgicznych. Niekt\u00f3re z\u00a0tych patogen\u00f3w mog\u0105 powodowa\u0107 krytyczne zaka\u017cenia prowadz\u0105ce do\u00a0rozwoju sepsy, ci\u0119\u017ckiego uszkodzenia narz\u0105d\u00f3w a\u00a0nawet zgonu pacjenta. ZMO mo\u017cna przypisa\u0107 g\u0142\u00f3wnie drobnoustrojom takim jak Escherichia coli, enterokoki, paciorkowce, Candida albicans\u00b8 Pseudomonas i\u00a0Staphylococcus aureus.<\/p>","innerContent":["\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Czynnikiem etiologicznym ZM s\u0105&nbsp;najcz\u0119\u015bciej mikroorganizmy \u017cyj\u0105ce na&nbsp;sk\u00f3rze, ale&nbsp;mog\u0105 to&nbsp;by\u0107 te\u017c drobnoustroje bytuj\u0105ce w&nbsp;innych okolicach cia\u0142a lub znajduj\u0105ce si\u0119 w&nbsp;\u015brodowisku sali operacyjnej lub na&nbsp;narz\u0119dziach chirurgicznych. Niekt\u00f3re z&nbsp;tych patogen\u00f3w mog\u0105 powodowa\u0107 krytyczne zaka\u017cenia prowadz\u0105ce do&nbsp;rozwoju sepsy, ci\u0119\u017ckiego uszkodzenia narz\u0105d\u00f3w a&nbsp;nawet zgonu pacjenta. ZMO mo\u017cna przypisa\u0107 g\u0142\u00f3wnie drobnoustrojom takim jak Escherichia coli, enterokoki, paciorkowce, Candida albicans\u00b8 Pseudomonas i&nbsp;Staphylococcus aureus.<\/p>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/heading","attrs":{"level":4,"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-6dpXqN","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\">Typowe konsekwencje ZMO to:<\/h4>\n","innerContent":["\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\">Typowe konsekwencje ZMO to:<\/h4>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/list","attrs":{"epStylingOptions":{"columnsResponsiveEnabled":false,"columnsHoverEnabled":false,"itemsSpacingResponsiveEnabled":false,"itemsSpacingHoverEnabled":false,"listStyleResponsiveEnabled":false,"listStyleHoverEnabled":false,"listIconResponsiveEnabled":false,"listIconHoverEnabled":false,"columns":{"target":"","responsive":true,"hover":true,"options":[{"custom":true,"control":"ToggleOptions"},{"label":"Columns","control":"Range","attribute":"columns","css":"grid-template-columns","customValue":"repeat({{value}}, 1fr)","props":{"max":5,"min":1,"supportedUnits":[]},"defaults":{"desktop":"1"},"show_if":{"className":["ep-custom-list"]}}]},"itemsSpacing":{"target":"","responsive":true,"hover":true,"options":[{"label":"Items Spacing","control":"Range","attribute":"itemsSpacing","css":"grid-gap","props":{"max":100,"min":0,"supportedUnits":["px"]},"show_if":{"className":["ep-custom-list"]}}]},"listStyle":{"target":"","responsive":true,"hover":true,"options":[{"custom":true,"control":"IconClassToggle","condition":{"relation":"AND","query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-list"}]}},{"label":"Choose List Style","control":"ButtonGroup","attribute":"unorderListStyle","css":"list-style-type","defaults":{"desktop":"disc"},"condition":{"relation":"AND","query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-list"},{"field":"attributes.ordered","compare":"EQUAL","value":false},{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"NOT IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]},"props":{"layout":"stacked","options":[{"customIcon":"<svg enable-background='new 0 0 512 512' version='1.1' viewBox='0 0 512 512' xml:space='preserve' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg'><path d='m256 0c-141.16 0-256 114.84-256 256s114.84 256 256 256 256-114.84 256-256-114.84-256-256-256zm0 448c-105.86 0-192-86.135-192-192 0-40.406 12.25-78.604 35.542-111.2l267.66 267.66c-32.594 23.292-70.792 35.542-111.2 35.542zm156.46-80.802-267.66-267.66c32.594-23.292 70.792-35.542 111.2-35.542 105.86 0 192 86.135 192 192 0 40.406-12.25 78.604-35.542 111.2z'\/><\/svg>","value":"none"},{"customIcon":"<svg enable-background='new 0 0 29.107 29.107' version='1.1' viewBox='0 0 29.107 29.107' xml:space='preserve' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg'><path d='M14.554,0C6.561,0,0,6.562,0,14.552c0,7.996,6.561,14.555,14.554,14.555c7.996,0,14.553-6.559,14.553-14.555 C29.106,6.562,22.55,0,14.554,0z'\/><\/svg>","value":"disc"},{"customIcon":"<svg enable-background='new 0 0 341.333 341.333' version='1.1' viewBox='0 0 341.33 341.33' xml:space='preserve' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg'><path d='m170.67 0c-94.257 0-170.67 76.41-170.67 170.67s76.41 170.67 170.67 170.67 170.67-76.41 170.67-170.67-76.411-170.67-170.67-170.67zm0 298.67c-70.692 0-128-57.308-128-128s57.308-128 128-128 128 57.308 128 128-57.308 128-128 128z'\/><\/svg>","value":"circle"},{"customIcon":"<svg enable-background='new 0 0 60 60' version='1.1' viewBox='0 0 60 60' xml:space='preserve' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg'><rect width='60' height='60'\/><\/svg>","value":"square"}]}},{"label":"Choose List Style","control":"ButtonGroup","attribute":"orderListStyle","css":"list-style-type","defaults":{"desktop":"decimal"},"condition":{"relation":"AND","query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-list"},{"field":"attributes.ordered","compare":"EQUAL","value":true},{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"NOT IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]},"props":{"layout":"stacked","options":[{"customIcon":"<svg enable-background='new 0 0 512 512' version='1.1' viewBox='0 0 512 512' xml:space='preserve' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg'><path d='m256 0c-141.16 0-256 114.84-256 256s114.84 256 256 256 256-114.84 256-256-114.84-256-256-256zm0 448c-105.86 0-192-86.135-192-192 0-40.406 12.25-78.604 35.542-111.2l267.66 267.66c-32.594 23.292-70.792 35.542-111.2 35.542zm156.46-80.802-267.66-267.66c32.594-23.292 70.792-35.542 111.2-35.542 105.86 0 192 86.135 192 192 0 40.406-12.25 78.604-35.542 111.2z'\/><\/svg>","value":"none"},{"customIcon":"<svg id='Capa_1' enable-background='new 0 0 512 512' viewBox='0 0 512 512' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg'><g id='_x31__1_'><path d='m376 512v-512h-99.902l-3.56 9.932c-9.419 26.294-27.202 49.746-52.837 69.697-26.528 20.684-51.211 34.849-73.359 42.1l-10.342 3.383v114.771l19.702-6.519c36.387-12.012 69.448-29.268 98.672-51.445v330.081z'\/><\/g><\/svg>","value":"decimal"},{"customIcon":"\u2160","value":"upper-roman"},{"customIcon":"\u2170","value":"lower-roman"}]}}]},"listIcon":{"target":"li:before","includeDotSuffix":false,"responsive":true,"hover":true,"hoverTarget":"{{class}} li:hover:before","options":[{"label":"Icon","control":"IconPicker","attribute":"icon","defaults":{"desktop":"eplusicon-check"},"css":"content","condition":{"relation":"AND","query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]}},{"label":"Background","control":"ColorPicker","attribute":"iconBackground","css":"background","condition":{"query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]}},{"label":"Color","control":"ColorPicker","attribute":"iconColor","css":"color","condition":{"query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]}},{"label":"Size","control":"Range","attribute":"iconSize","css":"font-size","props":{"supportedUnits":["px"],"max":100},"condition":{"query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]}},{"label":"Radius","control":"Range","attribute":"iconRadius","css":"border-radius","condition":{"query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]}},{"label":"Padding","control":"Range","attribute":"iconPadding","css":"padding","props":{"supportedUnits":["px"],"max":100},"condition":{"query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]}}]},"savedStyling":"","clientId":"33131ff0-9e51-40b3-924f-f49b4250499e"},"columns":{"desktop":{"value":1,"important":false,"unit":""},"tablet":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"hoverModified":false},"itemsSpacing":{"desktop":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tablet":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"hoverModified":false},"unorderListStyle":{"desktop":"disc","tablet":"","tabletModified":false,"mobile":"","mobileModified":false,"hover":"","hoverModified":false},"orderListStyle":{"desktop":"decimal","tablet":"","tabletModified":false,"mobile":"","mobileModified":false,"hover":"","hoverModified":false},"icon":{"desktop":{"icon":"eplusicon-check"},"tablet":{"icon":""},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"icon":""},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"icon":""},"hoverModified":false},"iconBackground":{"desktop":{"color":""},"tablet":{"color":""},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"color":""},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"color":""},"hoverModified":false},"iconColor":{"desktop":{"color":""},"tablet":{"color":""},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"color":""},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"color":""},"hoverModified":false},"iconSize":{"desktop":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tablet":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"hoverModified":false},"iconRadius":{"desktop":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tablet":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"hoverModified":false},"iconPadding":{"desktop":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tablet":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"hoverModified":false},"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-iWM6B2","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[{"blockName":"core\/list-item","attrs":{"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-2SBkdn","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Przed\u0142u\u017cenie hospitalizacji pacjent\u00f3w<\/li>\n","innerContent":["\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Przed\u0142u\u017cenie hospitalizacji pacjent\u00f3w<\/li>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/list-item","attrs":{"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-qwelww","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Wzrost koszt\u00f3w zwi\u0105zanych z\u00a0opiek\u0105 dla plac\u00f3wki\/infrastruktury opieki zdrowotnej<\/li>\n","innerContent":["\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Wzrost koszt\u00f3w zwi\u0105zanych z\u00a0opiek\u0105 dla plac\u00f3wki\/infrastruktury opieki zdrowotnej<\/li>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/list-item","attrs":{"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-GZUfp3","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Daleko id\u0105ce negatywne skutki dla zdrowia psychicznego i\u00a0fizycznego pacjenta<\/li>\n","innerContent":["\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Daleko id\u0105ce negatywne skutki dla zdrowia psychicznego i\u00a0fizycznego pacjenta<\/li>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/list-item","attrs":{"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-1ZAwzP","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">\u015amier\u0107<\/li>\n","innerContent":["\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">\u015amier\u0107<\/li>\n"]}],"innerHTML":"<ul class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-4abde7\">\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/ul>","innerContent":["\n<ul class=\" eplus-wrapper\">",null,"\n\n",null,"\n\n",null,"\n\n",null,"<\/ul>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"epCustomTypography":{"lineHeight":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontSize":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"letterSpacing":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontWeight":null,"textStyle":[],"textColor":{"color":"","imp":false},"underline":{"color":"","style":""},"lineThrough":{"color":"","style":""},"textAlignment":"justify"},"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-2lpeCN","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">W\u00a0ca\u0142ej Europie przeprowadzono kilka bada\u0144 naukowych monitoruj\u0105cych problem zaka\u017ce\u0144 miejsca operowanego. Jedno z\u00a0takich bada\u0144 prowadzono we\u00a0W\u0142oszech, obj\u0119\u0142o ono 4665 pacjent\u00f3w. W\u00a0tej\u00a0pr\u00f3bie pacjent\u00f3w ZMO wyst\u0105pi\u0142o u\u00a0241 pacjent\u00f3w, co\u00a0stanowi\u0142o 5,2% badanej grupy. Wysokie wska\u017aniki zapadalno\u015bci na\u00a0ZMO stwierdzono r\u00f3wnie\u017c w\u00a0odniesieniu do\u00a0operacji okr\u0119\u017cnicy (18,9 %) i\u00a0operacji \u017co\u0142\u0105dka (13,6 %). Dodatkowe koszty zwi\u0105zane z\u00a0ZMO w\u00a0procedurach ortopedycznych i\u00a0traumatologicznych we\u00a0W\u0142oszech r\u00f3wnie\u017c zosta\u0142y przeanalizowane w\u00a0oddzielnym przypadku. Szacowany, \u015bredni koszt wyni\u00f3s\u0142 9 560 EUR na\u00a0ka\u017cde wydarzenie. Maksymalne koszty mog\u0105 osi\u0105gn\u0105\u0107 nawet 32 000 euro. Dla przyk\u0142adu szacuje si\u0119, \u017ce\u00a0w\u00a0 Szwajcarii zaka\u017cenia miejsca operowanego stanowi\u0105 31% zaka\u017ce\u0144 zwi\u0105zanych z\u00a0opiek\u0105 zdrowotn\u0105 i\u00a0generuj\u0105 koszt 230 milion\u00f3w frank\u00f3w rocznie.<\/p>","innerContent":["\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">W&nbsp;ca\u0142ej Europie przeprowadzono kilka bada\u0144 naukowych monitoruj\u0105cych problem zaka\u017ce\u0144 miejsca operowanego. Jedno z&nbsp;takich bada\u0144 prowadzono we&nbsp;W\u0142oszech, obj\u0119\u0142o ono 4665 pacjent\u00f3w. W&nbsp;tej&nbsp;pr\u00f3bie pacjent\u00f3w ZMO wyst\u0105pi\u0142o u&nbsp;241 pacjent\u00f3w, co&nbsp;stanowi\u0142o 5,2% badanej grupy. Wysokie wska\u017aniki zapadalno\u015bci na&nbsp;ZMO stwierdzono r\u00f3wnie\u017c w&nbsp;odniesieniu do&nbsp;operacji okr\u0119\u017cnicy (18,9 %) i&nbsp;operacji \u017co\u0142\u0105dka (13,6 %). Dodatkowe koszty zwi\u0105zane z&nbsp;ZMO w&nbsp;procedurach ortopedycznych i&nbsp;traumatologicznych we&nbsp;W\u0142oszech r\u00f3wnie\u017c zosta\u0142y przeanalizowane w&nbsp;oddzielnym przypadku. Szacowany, \u015bredni koszt wyni\u00f3s\u0142 9 560 EUR na&nbsp;ka\u017cde wydarzenie. Maksymalne koszty mog\u0105 osi\u0105gn\u0105\u0107 nawet 32 000 euro. Dla przyk\u0142adu szacuje si\u0119, \u017ce&nbsp;w&nbsp; Szwajcarii zaka\u017cenia miejsca operowanego stanowi\u0105 31% zaka\u017ce\u0144 zwi\u0105zanych z&nbsp;opiek\u0105 zdrowotn\u0105 i&nbsp;generuj\u0105 koszt 230 milion\u00f3w frank\u00f3w rocznie.<\/p>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/heading","attrs":{"level":4,"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-Xckv2A","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\"><strong>Metody zapobiegania<\/strong><\/h4>\n","innerContent":["\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\"><strong>Metody zapobiegania<\/strong><\/h4>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"epCustomTypography":{"lineHeight":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontSize":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"letterSpacing":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontWeight":null,"textStyle":[],"textColor":{"color":"","imp":false},"underline":{"color":"","style":""},"lineThrough":{"color":"","style":""},"textAlignment":"justify"},"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-60nSbO","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">Praktyka wskazuje, \u017ce\u00a0u\u017cywanie wszystkich w\u0142a\u015bciwych narz\u0119dzi w\u00a0tym, usprawnienie procedur sterylizacji i\u00a0promowanie prawid\u0142owego usuwania zu\u017cytego materia\u0142u mo\u017ce znacznie zmniejszy\u0107 ryzyko zaka\u017cenia. \u015arodki, kt\u00f3re nale\u017cy podj\u0105\u0107, dotycz\u0105 prawid\u0142owej aseptyki i\u00a0prawid\u0142owych technik chirurgicznych.<\/p>","innerContent":["\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Praktyka wskazuje, \u017ce&nbsp;u\u017cywanie wszystkich w\u0142a\u015bciwych narz\u0119dzi w&nbsp;tym, usprawnienie procedur sterylizacji i&nbsp;promowanie prawid\u0142owego usuwania zu\u017cytego materia\u0142u mo\u017ce znacznie zmniejszy\u0107 ryzyko zaka\u017cenia. \u015arodki, kt\u00f3re nale\u017cy podj\u0105\u0107, dotycz\u0105 prawid\u0142owej aseptyki i&nbsp;prawid\u0142owych technik chirurgicznych.<\/p>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"epCustomTypography":{"lineHeight":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontSize":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"letterSpacing":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontWeight":null,"textStyle":[],"textColor":{"color":"","imp":false},"underline":{"color":"","style":""},"lineThrough":{"color":"","style":""},"textAlignment":"justify"},"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-CxYRbm","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">Poni\u017cej znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 procedury zdecydowanie zalecane przez\u00a0\u015awiatow\u0105 Organizacj\u0119 Zdrowia (WHO) i\u00a0inne gremia fachowe:<\/p>","innerContent":["\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Poni\u017cej znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 procedury zdecydowanie zalecane przez&nbsp;\u015awiatow\u0105 Organizacj\u0119 Zdrowia (WHO) i&nbsp;inne gremia fachowe:<\/p>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/list","attrs":{"epStylingOptions":{"columnsResponsiveEnabled":false,"columnsHoverEnabled":false,"itemsSpacingResponsiveEnabled":false,"itemsSpacingHoverEnabled":false,"listStyleResponsiveEnabled":false,"listStyleHoverEnabled":false,"listIconResponsiveEnabled":false,"listIconHoverEnabled":false,"columns":{"target":"","responsive":true,"hover":true,"options":[{"custom":true,"control":"ToggleOptions"},{"label":"Columns","control":"Range","attribute":"columns","css":"grid-template-columns","customValue":"repeat({{value}}, 1fr)","props":{"max":5,"min":1,"supportedUnits":[]},"defaults":{"desktop":"1"},"show_if":{"className":["ep-custom-list"]}}]},"itemsSpacing":{"target":"","responsive":true,"hover":true,"options":[{"label":"Items Spacing","control":"Range","attribute":"itemsSpacing","css":"grid-gap","props":{"max":100,"min":0,"supportedUnits":["px"]},"show_if":{"className":["ep-custom-list"]}}]},"listStyle":{"target":"","responsive":true,"hover":true,"options":[{"custom":true,"control":"IconClassToggle","condition":{"relation":"AND","query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-list"}]}},{"label":"Choose List Style","control":"ButtonGroup","attribute":"unorderListStyle","css":"list-style-type","defaults":{"desktop":"disc"},"condition":{"relation":"AND","query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-list"},{"field":"attributes.ordered","compare":"EQUAL","value":false},{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"NOT IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]},"props":{"layout":"stacked","options":[{"customIcon":"<svg enable-background='new 0 0 512 512' version='1.1' viewBox='0 0 512 512' xml:space='preserve' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg'><path d='m256 0c-141.16 0-256 114.84-256 256s114.84 256 256 256 256-114.84 256-256-114.84-256-256-256zm0 448c-105.86 0-192-86.135-192-192 0-40.406 12.25-78.604 35.542-111.2l267.66 267.66c-32.594 23.292-70.792 35.542-111.2 35.542zm156.46-80.802-267.66-267.66c32.594-23.292 70.792-35.542 111.2-35.542 105.86 0 192 86.135 192 192 0 40.406-12.25 78.604-35.542 111.2z'\/><\/svg>","value":"none"},{"customIcon":"<svg enable-background='new 0 0 29.107 29.107' version='1.1' viewBox='0 0 29.107 29.107' xml:space='preserve' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg'><path d='M14.554,0C6.561,0,0,6.562,0,14.552c0,7.996,6.561,14.555,14.554,14.555c7.996,0,14.553-6.559,14.553-14.555 C29.106,6.562,22.55,0,14.554,0z'\/><\/svg>","value":"disc"},{"customIcon":"<svg enable-background='new 0 0 341.333 341.333' version='1.1' viewBox='0 0 341.33 341.33' xml:space='preserve' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg'><path d='m170.67 0c-94.257 0-170.67 76.41-170.67 170.67s76.41 170.67 170.67 170.67 170.67-76.41 170.67-170.67-76.411-170.67-170.67-170.67zm0 298.67c-70.692 0-128-57.308-128-128s57.308-128 128-128 128 57.308 128 128-57.308 128-128 128z'\/><\/svg>","value":"circle"},{"customIcon":"<svg enable-background='new 0 0 60 60' version='1.1' viewBox='0 0 60 60' xml:space='preserve' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg'><rect width='60' height='60'\/><\/svg>","value":"square"}]}},{"label":"Choose List Style","control":"ButtonGroup","attribute":"orderListStyle","css":"list-style-type","defaults":{"desktop":"decimal"},"condition":{"relation":"AND","query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-list"},{"field":"attributes.ordered","compare":"EQUAL","value":true},{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"NOT IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]},"props":{"layout":"stacked","options":[{"customIcon":"<svg enable-background='new 0 0 512 512' version='1.1' viewBox='0 0 512 512' xml:space='preserve' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg'><path d='m256 0c-141.16 0-256 114.84-256 256s114.84 256 256 256 256-114.84 256-256-114.84-256-256-256zm0 448c-105.86 0-192-86.135-192-192 0-40.406 12.25-78.604 35.542-111.2l267.66 267.66c-32.594 23.292-70.792 35.542-111.2 35.542zm156.46-80.802-267.66-267.66c32.594-23.292 70.792-35.542 111.2-35.542 105.86 0 192 86.135 192 192 0 40.406-12.25 78.604-35.542 111.2z'\/><\/svg>","value":"none"},{"customIcon":"<svg id='Capa_1' enable-background='new 0 0 512 512' viewBox='0 0 512 512' xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg'><g id='_x31__1_'><path d='m376 512v-512h-99.902l-3.56 9.932c-9.419 26.294-27.202 49.746-52.837 69.697-26.528 20.684-51.211 34.849-73.359 42.1l-10.342 3.383v114.771l19.702-6.519c36.387-12.012 69.448-29.268 98.672-51.445v330.081z'\/><\/g><\/svg>","value":"decimal"},{"customIcon":"\u2160","value":"upper-roman"},{"customIcon":"\u2170","value":"lower-roman"}]}}]},"listIcon":{"target":"li:before","includeDotSuffix":false,"responsive":true,"hover":true,"hoverTarget":"{{class}} li:hover:before","options":[{"label":"Icon","control":"IconPicker","attribute":"icon","defaults":{"desktop":"eplusicon-check"},"css":"content","condition":{"relation":"AND","query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]}},{"label":"Background","control":"ColorPicker","attribute":"iconBackground","css":"background","condition":{"query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]}},{"label":"Color","control":"ColorPicker","attribute":"iconColor","css":"color","condition":{"query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]}},{"label":"Size","control":"Range","attribute":"iconSize","css":"font-size","props":{"supportedUnits":["px"],"max":100},"condition":{"query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]}},{"label":"Radius","control":"Range","attribute":"iconRadius","css":"border-radius","condition":{"query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]}},{"label":"Padding","control":"Range","attribute":"iconPadding","css":"padding","props":{"supportedUnits":["px"],"max":100},"condition":{"query":[{"field":"attributes.className","compare":"IN","value":"ep-custom-icon-list"}]}}]},"savedStyling":"","clientId":"f95b94d5-adc9-4015-94dd-69e759dcabb1"},"columns":{"desktop":{"value":1,"important":false,"unit":""},"tablet":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"hoverModified":false},"itemsSpacing":{"desktop":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tablet":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"hoverModified":false},"unorderListStyle":{"desktop":"disc","tablet":"","tabletModified":false,"mobile":"","mobileModified":false,"hover":"","hoverModified":false},"orderListStyle":{"desktop":"decimal","tablet":"","tabletModified":false,"mobile":"","mobileModified":false,"hover":"","hoverModified":false},"icon":{"desktop":{"icon":"eplusicon-check"},"tablet":{"icon":""},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"icon":""},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"icon":""},"hoverModified":false},"iconBackground":{"desktop":{"color":""},"tablet":{"color":""},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"color":""},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"color":""},"hoverModified":false},"iconColor":{"desktop":{"color":""},"tablet":{"color":""},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"color":""},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"color":""},"hoverModified":false},"iconSize":{"desktop":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tablet":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"hoverModified":false},"iconRadius":{"desktop":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tablet":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"hoverModified":false},"iconPadding":{"desktop":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tablet":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"tabletModified":false,"mobile":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"mobileModified":false,"hover":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"%"},"hoverModified":false},"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-fYKhuo","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[{"blockName":"core\/list-item","attrs":{"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-A0P8Iu","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Przedoperacyjna profilaktyka antybiotykowa<\/li>\n","innerContent":["\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Przedoperacyjna profilaktyka antybiotykowa<\/li>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/list-item","attrs":{"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-r9L2t7","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Usuni\u0119cie w\u0142os\u00f3w pacjenta tylko\u00a0wtedy, gdy\u00a0jest to\u00a0absolutnie konieczne; w\u00a0takim wypadku nale\u017cy zastosowa\u0107\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/oferta\/chirurgia\/strzygarka-chirurgiczna\">strzygarki chirurgiczne<\/a>\u00a0zamiast tradycyjnych maszynek do\u00a0golenia<\/li>\n","innerContent":["\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Usuni\u0119cie w\u0142os\u00f3w pacjenta tylko\u00a0wtedy, gdy\u00a0jest to\u00a0absolutnie konieczne; w\u00a0takim wypadku nale\u017cy zastosowa\u0107\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/oferta\/chirurgia\/strzygarka-chirurgiczna\">strzygarki chirurgiczne<\/a>\u00a0zamiast tradycyjnych maszynek do\u00a0golenia<\/li>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/list-item","attrs":{"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-jhlxVt","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Zapewnienie, \u017ce\u00a0pracownicy ochrony zdrowia rutynowo przeprowadzaj\u0105 dezynfekcj\u0119 r\u0105k<\/li>\n","innerContent":["\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Zapewnienie, \u017ce\u00a0pracownicy ochrony zdrowia rutynowo przeprowadzaj\u0105 dezynfekcj\u0119 r\u0105k<\/li>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/list-item","attrs":{"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-GkM1kk","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Odpowiednie dotlenie pacjent\u00f3w (FiO2 na\u00a0poziomie 80%)<\/li>\n","innerContent":["\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Odpowiednie dotlenie pacjent\u00f3w (FiO2 na\u00a0poziomie 80%)<\/li>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/list-item","attrs":{"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-3njxMc","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/oferta\/anestezjologia\/ogrzewacz-plynow-infuzyjnych-i-krwi-enflow\">Utrzymanie w\u0142a\u015bciwej temperatury cia\u0142a pacjenta w\u00a0trakcie zabiegu<\/a><\/li>\n","innerContent":["\n<li class=\" eplus-wrapper\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/oferta\/anestezjologia\/ogrzewacz-plynow-infuzyjnych-i-krwi-enflow\">Utrzymanie w\u0142a\u015bciwej temperatury cia\u0142a pacjenta w\u00a0trakcie zabiegu<\/a><\/li>\n"]}],"innerHTML":"<ul class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-351a7f\">\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/ul>","innerContent":["\n<ul class=\" eplus-wrapper\">",null,"\n\n",null,"\n\n",null,"\n\n",null,"\n\n",null,"<\/ul>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"epCustomTypography":{"lineHeight":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontSize":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"letterSpacing":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontWeight":null,"textStyle":[],"textColor":{"color":"","imp":false},"underline":{"color":"","style":""},"lineThrough":{"color":"","style":""},"textAlignment":"justify"},"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-7xpyIy","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">Jak dobrze Twoja plac\u00f3wka wypada na\u00a0li\u015bcie kontrolnej infekcji miejsca operacji WHO?<\/p>","innerContent":["\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Jak dobrze Twoja plac\u00f3wka wypada na&nbsp;li\u015bcie kontrolnej infekcji miejsca operacji WHO?<\/p>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/heading","attrs":{"level":4,"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-q6Ii8D","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\"><strong>Narz\u0119dzia sprz\u0119towe do&nbsp;walki ZMO<\/strong><\/h4>\n","innerContent":["\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\"><strong>Narz\u0119dzia sprz\u0119towe do&nbsp;walki ZMO<\/strong><\/h4>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"epCustomTypography":{"lineHeight":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontSize":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"letterSpacing":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontWeight":null,"textStyle":[],"textColor":{"color":"","imp":false},"underline":{"color":"","style":""},"lineThrough":{"color":"","style":""},"textAlignment":"justify"},"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-vIc6BA","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">Jak wskazuje punkt 3 na\u00a0powy\u017cszej li\u015bcie, dodatkowym czynnikiem, kt\u00f3ry\u00a0mo\u017ce utorowa\u0107 drog\u0119 do\u00a0ZMO, mo\u017ce by\u0107 u\u017cywanie tradycyjnych golarek lub maszynek do\u00a0golenia do\u00a0usuwania w\u0142os\u00f3w w\u00a0miejscu zabiegu chirurgicznego. Dzieje si\u0119 tak, poniewa\u017c lekarze usuwaj\u0105c w\u0142osy, mog\u0105 uszkodzi\u0107 sk\u00f3r\u0119 pacjent\u00f3w. Dlatego zdecydowanie zaleca si\u0119 u\u017cywanie strzygarek do\u00a0strzy\u017cenia w\u0142os\u00f3w ponad poziomem sk\u00f3ry. Nale\u017cy te\u017c stosowa\u0107 jednorazowe ostrza, kt\u00f3re odpowiednio u\u017cywane zmniejszaj\u0105 ryzyko naci\u0119\u0107 i\u00a0skalecze\u0144 oraz\u00a0poprawiaj\u0105 bezpiecze\u0144stwo.\u00b9\u2070<\/p>","innerContent":["\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Jak wskazuje punkt 3 na&nbsp;powy\u017cszej li\u015bcie, dodatkowym czynnikiem, kt\u00f3ry&nbsp;mo\u017ce utorowa\u0107 drog\u0119 do&nbsp;ZMO, mo\u017ce by\u0107 u\u017cywanie tradycyjnych golarek lub maszynek do&nbsp;golenia do&nbsp;usuwania w\u0142os\u00f3w w&nbsp;miejscu zabiegu chirurgicznego. Dzieje si\u0119 tak, poniewa\u017c lekarze usuwaj\u0105c w\u0142osy, mog\u0105 uszkodzi\u0107 sk\u00f3r\u0119 pacjent\u00f3w. Dlatego zdecydowanie zaleca si\u0119 u\u017cywanie strzygarek do&nbsp;strzy\u017cenia w\u0142os\u00f3w ponad poziomem sk\u00f3ry. Nale\u017cy te\u017c stosowa\u0107 jednorazowe ostrza, kt\u00f3re odpowiednio u\u017cywane zmniejszaj\u0105 ryzyko naci\u0119\u0107 i&nbsp;skalecze\u0144 oraz&nbsp;poprawiaj\u0105 bezpiecze\u0144stwo.\u00b9\u2070<\/p>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"epCustomTypography":{"lineHeight":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontSize":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"letterSpacing":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontWeight":null,"textStyle":[],"textColor":{"color":"","imp":false},"underline":{"color":"","style":""},"lineThrough":{"color":"","style":""},"textAlignment":"justify"},"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-tAEaQj","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">W\u00a0d\u0142ugich zabiegach warto rozwa\u017cy\u0107 zastosowanie\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/oferta\/chirurgia\/akcesoria-na-blok-operacyjny\/dermadine-plus\">folii operacyjnych uwalniaj\u0105cych powidon jodu<\/a>. W\u00a0ten spos\u00f3b przed\u0142u\u017cana jest skuteczno\u015b\u0107 przedoperacyjnych zabieg\u00f3w zwi\u0105zanych z\u00a0myciem i\u00a0dezynfekcj\u0105.<\/p>","innerContent":["\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">W&nbsp;d\u0142ugich zabiegach warto rozwa\u017cy\u0107 zastosowanie&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/oferta\/chirurgia\/akcesoria-na-blok-operacyjny\/dermadine-plus\">folii operacyjnych uwalniaj\u0105cych powidon jodu<\/a>. W&nbsp;ten spos\u00f3b przed\u0142u\u017cana jest skuteczno\u015b\u0107 przedoperacyjnych zabieg\u00f3w zwi\u0105zanych z&nbsp;myciem i&nbsp;dezynfekcj\u0105.<\/p>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"epCustomTypography":{"lineHeight":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontSize":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"letterSpacing":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontWeight":null,"textStyle":[],"textColor":{"color":"","imp":false},"underline":{"color":"","style":""},"lineThrough":{"color":"","style":""},"textAlignment":"justify"},"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-687cIt","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">Kolejnym niezmiernie wa\u017cnym czynnikiem jest stosowanie w\u0142a\u015bciwych\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/oferta\/rekawice\/rekawice-chirurgiczne\">r\u0119kawic chirurgicznych<\/a>. Opr\u00f3cz wysokiej szczelno\u015bci, r\u0119kawice powinny by\u0107 odpowiednio dobrane do\u00a0typu zabiegu operacyjnego. Np.\u00a0w\u00a0ortopedii i\u00a0innych ci\u0119\u017ckich zabiegach warto stosowa\u0107 r\u0119kawice podw\u00f3jne podczas, gdy\u00a0do\u00a0delikatnych procedur wymagaj\u0105cych szczeg\u00f3lnej precyzji najlepiej sprawdzaj\u0105 si\u0119 r\u0119kawice mikrochirurgiczne.<\/p>","innerContent":["\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Kolejnym niezmiernie wa\u017cnym czynnikiem jest stosowanie w\u0142a\u015bciwych&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/oferta\/rekawice\/rekawice-chirurgiczne\">r\u0119kawic chirurgicznych<\/a>. Opr\u00f3cz wysokiej szczelno\u015bci, r\u0119kawice powinny by\u0107 odpowiednio dobrane do&nbsp;typu zabiegu operacyjnego. Np.&nbsp;w&nbsp;ortopedii i&nbsp;innych ci\u0119\u017ckich zabiegach warto stosowa\u0107 r\u0119kawice podw\u00f3jne podczas, gdy&nbsp;do&nbsp;delikatnych procedur wymagaj\u0105cych szczeg\u00f3lnej precyzji najlepiej sprawdzaj\u0105 si\u0119 r\u0119kawice mikrochirurgiczne.<\/p>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"epCustomTypography":{"lineHeight":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontSize":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"letterSpacing":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontWeight":null,"textStyle":[],"textColor":{"color":"","imp":false},"underline":{"color":"","style":""},"lineThrough":{"color":"","style":""},"textAlignment":"justify"},"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-jwmUMB","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">Z\u00a0punktu widzenia prewencji zaka\u017ce\u0144 miejsca operowanego wa\u017cne jest, aby w\u00a0sytuacji, gdy\u00a0dojdzie do\u00a0uszkodzenia r\u0119kawicy w\u00a0trakcie zabiegu na\u00a0sk\u00f3rze lekarza lub piel\u0119gniarki znajdowa\u0142o si\u0119 jak najmniej drobnoustroj\u00f3w, kt\u00f3re przetrwa\u0142y proces dezynfekcji r\u0105k. Stan sk\u00f3ry, a\u00a0zw\u0142aszcza jej wysuszenie i\u00a0uszkodzenia spowodowane np.\u00a0reakcjami alergicznymi na\u00a0lateks naturalny sprzyjaj\u0105 zwi\u0119kszonemu nosicielstwu bakterii (w\u00a0literaturze odnotowuje si\u0119 nawet trzykrotnie zwi\u0119kszon\u0105 ilo\u015b\u0107 bakterii vs. sk\u00f3ra zdrowa) a\u00a0jednocze\u015bnie zmienia si\u0119 te\u017c profil drobnoustroj\u00f3w, gdy\u017c\u00a0znacznie cz\u0119\u015bciej wyst\u0119puj\u0105 bakterie ze\u00a0szczep\u00f3w bardziej zjadliwych i\u00a0wielolekoopornych.<\/p>","innerContent":["\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Z&nbsp;punktu widzenia prewencji zaka\u017ce\u0144 miejsca operowanego wa\u017cne jest, aby w&nbsp;sytuacji, gdy&nbsp;dojdzie do&nbsp;uszkodzenia r\u0119kawicy w&nbsp;trakcie zabiegu na&nbsp;sk\u00f3rze lekarza lub piel\u0119gniarki znajdowa\u0142o si\u0119 jak najmniej drobnoustroj\u00f3w, kt\u00f3re przetrwa\u0142y proces dezynfekcji r\u0105k. Stan sk\u00f3ry, a&nbsp;zw\u0142aszcza jej wysuszenie i&nbsp;uszkodzenia spowodowane np.&nbsp;reakcjami alergicznymi na&nbsp;lateks naturalny sprzyjaj\u0105 zwi\u0119kszonemu nosicielstwu bakterii (w&nbsp;literaturze odnotowuje si\u0119 nawet trzykrotnie zwi\u0119kszon\u0105 ilo\u015b\u0107 bakterii vs. sk\u00f3ra zdrowa) a&nbsp;jednocze\u015bnie zmienia si\u0119 te\u017c profil drobnoustroj\u00f3w, gdy\u017c&nbsp;znacznie cz\u0119\u015bciej wyst\u0119puj\u0105 bakterie ze&nbsp;szczep\u00f3w bardziej zjadliwych i&nbsp;wielolekoopornych.<\/p>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"epCustomTypography":{"lineHeight":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontSize":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"letterSpacing":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontWeight":null,"textStyle":[],"textColor":{"color":"","imp":false},"underline":{"color":"","style":""},"lineThrough":{"color":"","style":""},"textAlignment":"justify"},"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-MQzleb","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">\u015awietnym rozwi\u0105zaniem jest dob\u00f3r w\u0142a\u015bciwych r\u0119kawic wykonanych z\u00a0materia\u0142\u00f3w syntetycznych, pozbawionych alergen\u00f3w wolnych od\u00a0przyspieszaczy wulkanizacji (akcelerator\u00f3w), obecnie najbardziej polecane s\u0105\u00a0r\u0119kawice produkowane z\u00a0poliizoprenu lub neoprenu.<\/p>","innerContent":["\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">\u015awietnym rozwi\u0105zaniem jest dob\u00f3r w\u0142a\u015bciwych r\u0119kawic wykonanych z&nbsp;materia\u0142\u00f3w syntetycznych, pozbawionych alergen\u00f3w wolnych od&nbsp;przyspieszaczy wulkanizacji (akcelerator\u00f3w), obecnie najbardziej polecane s\u0105&nbsp;r\u0119kawice produkowane z&nbsp;poliizoprenu lub neoprenu.<\/p>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/heading","attrs":{"level":4,"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-6PPnSc","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\" id=\"podsumowanie\"><strong>Podsumowanie<\/strong><\/h4>\n","innerContent":["\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading eplus-wrapper\" id=\"podsumowanie\"><strong>Podsumowanie<\/strong><\/h4>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"epCustomTypography":{"lineHeight":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontSize":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"letterSpacing":{"value":"","important":false,"unit":"px"},"fontWeight":null,"textStyle":[],"textColor":{"color":"","imp":false},"underline":{"color":"","style":""},"lineThrough":{"color":"","style":""},"textAlignment":"justify"},"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-4ji37u","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"<p class=\" eplus-wrapper eplus-styles-uid-24b8d8\">Koszty leczenia powik\u0142a\u0144 zwi\u0105zanych z\u00a0ZMO s\u0105\u00a0bardzo wysokie. Dodatkowe obci\u0105\u017cenie psychiczne i\u00a0fizyczne pacjent\u00f3w jest nie\u00a0po\u017c\u0105dane. Zaka\u017ceniom miejsca operowanego mo\u017cna skutecznie zapobiega\u0107 i\u00a0zdecydowanie warto to\u00a0robi\u0107.<\/p>","innerContent":["\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\">Koszty leczenia powik\u0142a\u0144 zwi\u0105zanych z&nbsp;ZMO s\u0105&nbsp;bardzo wysokie. Dodatkowe obci\u0105\u017cenie psychiczne i&nbsp;fizyczne pacjent\u00f3w jest nie&nbsp;po\u017c\u0105dane. Zaka\u017ceniom miejsca operowanego mo\u017cna skutecznie zapobiega\u0107 i&nbsp;zdecydowanie warto to&nbsp;robi\u0107.<\/p>\n"]},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"epAnimationGeneratedClass":"edplus_anim-QKmfsv","epGeneratedClass":"eplus-wrapper"},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\"><em>lek. S\u0142awomir Gondek<\/em><\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p class=\" eplus-wrapper\"><em>lek. S\u0142awomir Gondek<\/em><\/p>\n"]}],"meta_data":{"toc_selected_heading_levels":["h4"],"toc_enabled":true},"featured_image":false,"main_category":{"name":"Chirurgia"},"prev_page":{"slug":"szkodliwosc-akceleratorow-chemicznych-wulkanizacji-dla-uzytkownikow-rekawic-medycznych"},"next_page":{"slug":"czy-jednorazowe-rekawiczki-chronia-przed-zakazeniem"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1052","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1052"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1052\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11811,"href":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1052\/revisions\/11811"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1052"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1052"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.skamex.com.pl\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1052"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}